On September 2, 1969, two computers at the University of California, Los
Angeles, exchanged some data. The exchange was part of the first test of
Arpanet, an experimental network for the US Department of Defense. And that
exchange of the meaningless data was the beginning of a revolution that changed
the way the world communicated, breaking geographical boundaries.
A few weeks later, on October 29, 1969, a connection was established between
two sites-the UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute in Menlo Park,
California. The next year, Arpanet got the first East Coast node, at Bolt,
Beranek and Newman in Cambridge. By then, UC Santa Barbara and the University of
Utah had also joined the network.
According to a time-line compiled by the Associated Press, listing the key
milestones, it was in 1972 that Ray Tomlinson brought email to the network,
introducing the '@' symbol to specify addresses from other systems. Then in
1973, two international nodes were established in England and Norway.
In 1983, a domain name system was proposed, offering '.com' and '.gov', with
'.edu' following years later.
In 1989, Quantum Computer Services, now renamed AOL, introduced America
Online Service for Macintosh and Apple II computers, beginning an expansion that
would connect nearly 27 million Americans online by 2002.
But the real explosion in the world of internet happened in the 1990s, when a
British physicist, named Tim Berners-Lee, introduced the idea for the web, a way
of using the internet that would allow people to more easily connect and
exchange resources across broad expanses. And from there began the real
revolution that changed the way we communicated.
Then in 1993, Marc Andreessen and colleagues at the University of Illinois
created Mosaic, the first web browser to combine graphics and text on a single
page. In 1994 they formed a company to develop the first commercial web browser,
Netscape.
It was this browser that prompted many developers to think of the actual
commercial potential of the web. Then we saw the 'dotcom' boom and the bursting
of the bubble.
Then it was a downpour of new concepts. Emails, online portals, e-papers,
social networking sites, blogs, microblogging... you name it. And today the
internet is a household word even for the illiterate.
However, despite all the communication revolution, there are fears that the
future of the internet's development is not that secure. The fear is mainly due
to the openness that has catalyzed innovation and driven its explosive
evolution.
“There is more freedom for the typical Internet user to play, to communicate,
to shop-more opportunities than ever before,” stated an Associated Press report
quoting Jonathan Zittrain, law professor and co-founder of Harvard's Berkman
Center for Internet & Society.
As net gained popularity, it became a platform for all sort of
activities-political campaign, social networking, rebellion, dictatorship,
financial frauds, sex trafficking, porn, etc. Then, exploiting the potential
many viruses crept into the cyber space, thus threatening the security of online
data. It was in 1988 that the Internet worm, Morris, crippled thousands of
computers. Today, we have more bugs than web domains.
There were even arguments that the web as a medium will kill the print medium
very soon. But what is in stock for the net and the print, nobody knows. But one
thing is for sure-whatever we have seen so far is not the last word in this
space. Ten years from now, as we celebrate the golden jubilee of the net, it
might have become a totally different concept altogether, translating many of
our fantasies into reality!
Source: DQ